All Issue

2018 Vol.17, Issue 4 Preview Page

Research Article

Numerical Analysis of Behavior of Ground Near LNG Tank Foundation Under Scenario of LNG Leakage

LNG 탱크에서 천연가스 유출시 얕은 기초 주변 지반거동의 수치해석적 분석

Jeongsoo Kim1
,
Youngseok Kim2
,
Kicheol Lee3
,
Dongwook Kim4*
김 정수1
,
김 영석2
,
이 기철3
,
김 동욱4*
1Nonmember, Research Specialist, Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Gyeonggi-do 10223, Republe of Korea
2Member, Research Fellow, Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyang-daero, Ilsanseo-gu, Gyeonggi-do 10223, Republe of Korea
3Member, Graduate Student, Dept of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
4Member, Associate Professor, Dept of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
* Corresponding Author
30 December 2018. pp. 81-92
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

Recently, the use of natural gas has steadily increased due to its economical advantage and increased demand of clean energy uses. Accordingly, construction of LNG storage tanks is also increased. Secure of the stability of LNG tanks storage requires high technology as natural gas is stored in a liquid state for efficiency of storage. When a cryogenic LNG fluid leaks on ground due to a defect in LNG tank, damage is expected to be significant. Many researchers evaluated the critical and negative effects of LNG leakage, but there is limited research on the effect of cryogenic fluid leakage on the ground supporting LNG tanks. Therefore, in this study, the freezing expansion of the ground during cryogenic LNG fluid leakage was evaluated considering various outflow situations and ground conditions. The LNG leakage scenarios were simulated based on numerical analyses results varying the surcharge load, temperature boundary conditions, and soil types including freeze-sensitive soil. Consequently, short and long term ground temperature variations after LNG leakage were evaluated and the resulting ground behavior including vertical displacement behavior and porosity were analyzed.

Keywords
Ground behavior
Cryogenic liquid
LNG tank
LNG leakage
Numerical analysis
Freezing

최근 천연가스에 대한 수요가 높아지면서 이를 저장하기 위한 LNG 탱크의 건설이 증가하고 있다. LNG는 효율적인 저장을 위해 극저온의 유체로 액화되므로, LNG 탱크의 결함으로 인한 LNG 유출은 막대한 피해를 야기할 수 있다. 많은 연구자들이 다양한 LNG 유출 상황에 대하여 발생가능 한 피해 영향을 평가하였으나, 극저온의 LNG 유체가 유출될 경우 LNG 탱크를 지지하고 있는 지반에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 제한적이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 LNG 탱크 및 지반의 다양한 조건을 고려하여 LNG 유출에 따른 동결 지반의 역학적, 열적 거동 변화에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 유출 시나리오의 구현을 위해 수치해석을 수행하였으며, 상재하중, 온도 경계조건, 흙의 동결 민감성 변화에 따른 지반과 기초구조물 거동을 조사하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 LNG 유출 이후 지반의 단기 및 장기 온도변화를 평가하였으며, 지반 동결에 따른 간극 및 연직변위 변화를 분석하였다.

References
1
Fay, J. A. (2003), “Model of Spills and Fires from LNG and Oil Tankers”, Journal of hazardous materials, Vol.96, No.2-3, pp.171-188.
10.1016/S0304-3894(02)00197-8
2
Gavelli, F., Bullister, E. and Kytomaa, H. (2008), “Application of CFD (Fluent) to LNG Spills into Geometrically Complex Environments”, Journal of hazardous materials, Vol.159, No.1, pp.158-168.
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.03718359557
3
Kim, B. K., Ng, D., Mentzer, R. A. and Mannan, M. S. (2013), “Key Parametric Analysis on Designing an Effective Forced Mitigation System for LNG Spill Emergency”, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Vol.26, No.6, pp.1670-1678.
10.1016/j.jlp.2013.01.007
4
Konrad, J. M. and Morgenstern, N. R. (1981), “The Segregation Potential of a Freezing soil”, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol.18, No.4, pp.482-491.
10.1139/t81-059
5
Koo, J., Kim, H. S., So, W., Kim, K. H. and Yoon, E. S. (2009), “Safety Assessment of LNG Terminal Focused on the Consequence Analysis of LNG Spills”, In Proceedings of the 1st annual gas processing symposium, pp.325-331.
10.1016/B978-0-444-53292-3.50040-7
6
Lee, S. R. and Kim, H. S. (2012), “The Comparative Risk Assessment of LNG Tank Designs using FTA”, Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas, Vol.16, No.6, pp.48-54. (in Korean)
10.7842/kigas.2012.16.6.48
7
Michalowski, R. L. (1993), “A Constitutive Model of Saturated Soils for Frost Heave Simulations”, Cold Regions Science and Technology, Vol.22, No.1, pp.47-63.
10.1016/0165-232X(93)90045-A
8
Nishimura, S., Gens, A., Olivella, S. and Jardine, R. J. (2008), “THM-Coupled Finite Element Analysis of Frozen Soil: Formulation and Application”, Geotechnique, Vol.59, No.3, pp.159-171.
10.1680/geot.2009.59.3.159
9
Shin, H. S., Kim, J. M., Lee, J. G. and Lee, S. R. (2012), “Mechanical Constitutive Model for Frozen Soil”, Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, Vol.28, No.5, pp.85-94. (in Korean)
10.7843/kgs.2012.28.5.85
10
Shin, H. S. (2014), “Development of a Numerical Simulator for Methane-hydrate Production”, Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, Vol.30, No.9, pp.67-75. (in Korean)
10.7843/kgs.2014.30.9.67
11
SIMULIA (2014), ABAQUS/CAE User's Manual. Dassault Systemes Simulia Corp., Providence, RI, USA.
12
Song, W. K. and Kim, M. K. (2004), “An Assesment of Fatigue Life Cycle for Buried Pipelines in Consideration for Corrosion and Frost Heave of a Geotechnical Medium : -Ⅱ. An Interaction between a Soil Medium and a Buried Pipeline-”, Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol.24, No.2(A), pp.277-283. (in Korean)
13
Song, Y. H. and Kim, H. W. (2014), “Nonlinear Spillage Analysis of LNG Storage Tank”, The Magazine of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, pp.46-50.
14
Taber, S. (1930), “The Mechanics of Frost Heaving”, The Journal of Geology, Vol.38, No.4, pp.303-317.
10.1086/623720
15
Terzaghi, K. (1952), Permafrost,, Harvard University Press.
16
USGS (United States Geological Survey) (2008), Circum-Arctic Resource Appraisal: Estimates of Undiscovered Oil and Gas North of the Arctic Circle, USGS fact sheet 2008-3049.
17
Yoo, C. S. (2013), “Numerical Investigation into Behavior of Retaining Wall Subject to Cycles of Freezing and Thawing”, Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, Vol.29, No.1, pp.81-92. (in Korean)
10.7843/kgs.2013.29.1.81
Information
  • Publisher :Korean Geosythetics Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국지반신소재학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국지반신소재학회 논문집
  • Volume : 17
  • No :4
  • Pages :81-92
  • Received Date : 2018-11-06
  • Revised Date : 2018-11-16
  • Accepted Date : 2018-11-20
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12814/jkgss.2018.17.4.081
Journal Informaiton Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close