All Issue

2017 Vol.16, Issue 1 Preview Page
Model Tests for Examination of Overflow Failure Mechanism on River Levee

하천제방의 월류 붕괴 메커니즘 규명을 위한 모형실험

Jin-Man Kim1
,
Min-Cheol Park2*
,
In-Jong Moon3
,
Yoon-Hwa Jin4
김 진만1
,
박 민철2*
,
문 인종3
,
진 윤화4
1Researcher, Geotechnical Engineering Research Institute, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology
2Postdoctoral researcher, Department of Civil Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology
3Researcher, Geotechnical Engineering Research Institute, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology
4Graduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology
*교신저자. *Corresponding Author. 
30 March 2017. pp. 41-52
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

This research conducted the two types of model tests to examine the failure parameters by levee overflow, those were the pilot-scale levee (model height 0.4∼0.8 m) and real scale levee (model height 1.0 m). The procedure of levee failure by overflow was succeeded to the following three steps: At first step, the local scouring on levee slope was happened and the overflow velocity was increased slowly. At second step, the enlarged scouring surface and the rapid overflow velocity were succeeded. At last, the levee section was broken totally and the overflow velocity was decreased because of the wide failure surface of levee. The levee failure angle () was appeared bigger than slope failure angle of Rankine earth pressure. The enlarged levee height () made the faster overflow velocity () of the levees, therefore additional tractive force was applied to it, futhermore the failure angle () and failure surface () were enlarged. Because the sand sample for pilot-scale and real scale tests had the same diameter, the critical scouring velocity of each type was also the same, and the scouring properties were governed by variation of overflow velocity.

Keywords
Levee
Overflow failure
Levee breach
Levee failure angle
Levee failure rate

본 연구에서는 월류에 의한 붕괴 메커니즘의 규명을 위해 모형제방(제방고 0.4~0.8m)과 실물제방(제방고 1.0m)을 대상으로 월류 붕괴실험을 수행하였다. 월류에 의한 제방붕괴는 1단계에서는 월류에 의해 비탈표면에서 세굴이 발생되었으며, 월류의 유속은 완만히 증가되었다. 2단계에서는 붕괴단면이 커지고 유속도 급격히 증가되었다. 3단계에서는 월류에 의해 제방 단면이 완전히 붕괴되고 붕괴면적이 넓어져 유속이 상대적으로 감소되었다. 월류에 의한 제방의 붕괴각()은 큰 자중, 감소된 전단저항력 및 월류의 흐름에 의한 추가 소류력으로 인해 랭킨토압의 사면붕괴각보다 크게 나타났다. 제방고()가 증가될수록 월류에 의한 제방의 월류 유속()이 증가되었으며, 이로 인해 소류력이 추가로 작용되어 제방의 붕괴각()과 붕괴면적()이 함께 증가되었다. 모형실험과 실물실험에 사용된 모래 시료가 동일한 입경크기로 한계세굴유속이 같아 월류 유속변화에 의해 세굴특성이 지배되는 것으로 나타났다.

References
1
Casagrande, A. (1950), “Notes on the design of earth dams”, Proc. of Boston Society of Civil Engineers.
2
Cristofano, E.A. (1965), “Method of computing erosion rate for failure of earth fill dams”, United States Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colorado.
3
Fread, D.L. (1985), “Channel Routing”, in Anderson, M.G., and Burt, T.P.(eds), Hydrological Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 437-503.
4
Han, K. Y. and Park, J. H. (2006), “Development of Urban Inundation Analysis Model”, Urban Flood Disaster Management Research Center.
5
Hanson, G. J., Cook, K. R., and Hunt, S. L. (2005), “Physical modeling of overtopping erosion and breach formation of cohesive embankments.” Trans. ASABE, Vol.48, No.5, 1783-1794.
6
Harris, G.W. and Wagner, D.A. (1967), “Outflow from breached earth dams”, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
7
Hromadka, T.V. and DeVries, J.J. (1985) “A Two-Dimensional Dam-Break Model of the Orange Country Reservoir”, Int. Symposium on Urban Hydrology, Hydraulic Infrastructures and Water Quality Control, Univ. of Kentucky.
8
Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (2004), The final report of the river embankment related advanced technology development, pp. 23-31, pp. 68-78 (in Korean).
9
Kim, J. M., Cho, W. B., Choi, B. H. and Oh, E. H. (2015),  “Model Tests for Deriving Failure Parameter during Levee Overflow”, Journal of Korean Geosynthetics Society, Vol. 14, No.2, pp.11-21.
10
Korea Geotechnical Society (2012), “Dam and embankment design and construction safety management technology”, Goomibook, pp.391-573 (in Korean).
11
Korea Water Resources Association (2009), Design criteria rivers commentary, Korea Water Resource Association, pp.354-371 (in Korean)
12
Lee, K. H., Kim, S. W., Yu, S. Y., Kim, S. H., Cho, J. W., and Kim, J. M. (2013), “Delopment of a Hydrograph Triggered by Earth-Dam-Break for Compilling a Flood Hazad Map”, Journal of Korea Society of Engineering Geology, Korea Society of Engineering Geology, Vol.23, No.4, pp.381-387.
13
Leshchinsky, Dov. and Ralph, H. B. (1989), “Geosynthetic reinforced soil structures”,  Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol.115, No.10, pp.1459-1478.
14
MacDonald, T. C., and Langridge-Monopolis, J. (1984). “Breaching characteristics of dam failures”, Journal of the Hydraulic Engineering, Vol.110, No.5, pp.567-586.
15
Mohamed, M.A.A., Morris, M., Hanson, G.J. and Lakhal, K.(2004), “Breach Formation: Laboratory and Numerical Modeling of Breach Formation”, Proc. Dam Safety 2004, ASDSO Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
16
Nakajima, H. (2003), River Levee, Kibodang Press, pp.65-89 (In Japanese).
17
NAVFAC Manual (1986), “Foundation & Earth Structures”.
18
Park, J. H. (2012), Development of Technique to Estimate Inundation Hazard Level Caused by River Levee Failure,  Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol.12, No. 6, pp.287-296(in Korean).
19
Park, J. H., Kim, S. H., and Lee, C. H. (2011) Investigation about Design Parameter of Levee using Numerical Model. Jouranl of Korea Society of Hazard Mitigation. Vol.11, No.6, pp.259-268(in Korean).
20
Sherard, H. L. (1953), Influence of soil properties and construction methods on the performance of homogeneous earth dams, Technical Memorandum 645, U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, pp.1-71
21
Singh, K. P. (1982), “Sensitivity of outflow peaks and flood stages to the selection of dam breach parameters and simulation models (Dam Safety Program)”, Ph.D. thesis, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois.
22
Spangler, M. G. (1984), “Soil Engineering. 4th Ed. Harper & Row Publishers”, New York, pp.482-484.
23
Strelkoff, T., Schamber, D. R. and Katopodes, N. D. (1977) “Comparative Analysis of Routing Techniques for the Flood-wave from a Ruptured Dam”, Proc. of the Dam-Break Flood Routing Workshop, Water Resources Council, pp. 229-291.
24
Yoon, K.S. and Kim, K.H. (2006), “Stability of River Levee (Aspect of Hydro-Engineering)”, Water and Future, Korea Water Resources Association, Vol.39, No.5, pp.14-19.
Information
  • Publisher :Korean Geosythetics Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국지반신소재학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국지반신소재학회 논문집
  • Volume : 16
  • No :1
  • Pages :41-52
  • Received Date : 2017-01-10
  • Revised Date : 2017-03-10
  • Accepted Date : 2017-03-13
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.12814/jkgss.2017.16.1.041
Journal Informaiton Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close